Download >>> https://tinurli.com/28129x
A humanoid robot is a robot with its body shape built to appear like the human body. A two-armed humanoid robot has a generally cylindrical torso, two arms and two legs. The exact instantiation of the design will vary according to the purpose of the unit, but one particularly human-looking design emulates Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man by incorporating hinges at the hips and knees. The terms "anthropomorphic" or "resembling humans" are often applied; it is more common, however, to refer to them as "humanoids". Used in science fiction literature they are frequently called robots (although this may not be accurate). In the film industry they are often called "androids", a term popular in science fiction but coined by a robot in the 1920 film "R.U.R.", which stands for "Rossum's Universal Robots" (from a play by Karel Čapek). In robotics it is conventional to use the terms "android", "man-machine" or gynoid for female models, while males models are described as being robotic, mechanoid or androidoloid. In animatronics they are sometimes called androids. The appearance of humanoid robots traces back to medieval legend of Triton of Greek mythology who had a humanoid upper body from the waist up and a fish-like body below. More modern legends of humanoid robots appeared in the first decade of the 20th century, where they were portrayed as clumsy, primitive and emotionally unstable. The earliest known (and perhaps first) full-bodied metal robot was "Arbin", created by the French engineer Émile Reynaud. Another early forerunner of humanoid robots was "Le Mannekie" or "The Doll" made by Belgian Pierre Jaumet. The first American patent for a robot was filed on December 28, 1917 by George C. Devol in his patent # 1,605,612 for what he called an apparatus for grinding and polishing. In 1942, Donna "Missy" Anderson was an anthropomorphic female lobotomized war bride doll modeled after the real-life Miss America 1943. On April 18, 1944, "Missy" was featured as a character in the short film "The Mechanical Man", with the voice of Kathleen Freeman. British science fiction author Sir Arthur C. Clarke is said to have written a short story in which a group of humans and androids coexist: "The City and the Stars". American writer Philip K. Dick wrote "" (1956), about an android who is capable of human feeling but cannot cope with human emotion. The theme of humanity hidden within an android form has received many treatments since and is considered a classic theme in speculative fiction. The word comes from the French "android", introduced by novelist Karel Čapek in his 1921 play "R.U.R." (Rossum's Universal Robots), and derived from the Greek word ἀνδρός (aner, man) and the suffix -"oid" (having the form or likeness of). When Čapek invented the word, he described it as an abbreviation of "androide", which means "having the form of a man". cfa1e77820
Comments